电压型三相H桥逆变器直流支撑电容容值优化

直流支撑电容是电压型逆变器的重要组成部分,其选型直接影响到逆变器的电气性能以及整机功率密度。针对三相H桥逆变器,提出了一种通过相间载波移相减小支撑电容谐波电流的方法。采用开关函数法和双重傅里叶级数分析了逆变器支撑电容电流的主要谐波成分,给出了优化电容容值的计算方法。通过仿真对比相间载波移相前后,保持直流母线波动幅值一致的同时,可以较大幅度减小支撑电容容值。     

电容运转兼起动式单相异步电动机接线及故障解析

本文简述电容起动运转单相异步电动机的工作原理和旋向改变方法。首先对电容运转式、电容起动式、双值电容式单相异步电动机的接线和电容器容量选择进行归纳总结;然后对电容起动运转单相异步电动机的常见故障和判别方法分析阐述。本文可为电容起动运转单相异步电动机电容的选用和正确接线提供技术支持,以及对单相异步电机的合理选用和常见故障的排除提供理论依据。     

气泡混合土抗冻融循环性能试验研究

为解决冻土地区普通路基由于保温性能差导致的路基病害问题，采用保温隔热性能好的气泡混合土作为路基填料，可起到保护冻土、减少病害的作用。为探讨气泡混合土的抗冻性能，选取了不同容重的气泡混合土试件进行冻融循环试验研究，研究气泡混合土质量及强度损失规律，从而获知气泡混合土的容重对其抗冻性能的影响；进而，向气泡混合土试件中掺入玻璃纤维，探讨其对气泡混合土抗冻性能的增强作用。结果表明：气泡混合土的抗冻性能随着容重的增大而提高，表现为容重越大，所能经受的冻融循环次数越多，抗压强度和质量损失率越低；容重为800kg/m3的气泡混合土试件经过15次冻融循环后抗压强度迅速降低，经过100次冻融循环后，试件的质量损失达到9.2%；而容重为1 200kg/m3的气泡混合土试件在经过50次冻融循环后，抗压强度才开始明显降低，经过100次冻融循环后，试件的质量损失只有4.5%。玻璃纤维能显著提高气泡混合土的抗冻性能，其抗压强度损失率和质量损失率明显较未掺纤维的普通气泡混合土要小，且抗压强度和质量损失的速率明显降低；不同容重的气泡混合土试件掺入纤维后，经过50次冻融循环后，试件的抗压强度损失减少50%以上，质量损失减少40%以上。     

Validation and application of nonlinear hydrodynamics from CFD in an engineering model of a semi-submersible floating wind turbine

Nonlinear hydrodynamics play a significant role in accurate prediction of the dynamic responses of floating wind turbines (FWTs), especially near the resonance frequencies. This study investigates the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to improve an engineering model (based on potential flow theory with Morison-type drag) by modifying the second-order difference-frequency quadratic transfer functions (QTFs) and frequency-dependent added mass and damping for a semi-submersible FWT. The results from the original and modified engineering models are compared to experimental data from decay tests and irregular wave tests. In general, the CFD results based on forced oscillation tests suggest increasing the frequency-depending added mass and damping at low frequencies compared to first order potential flow theory. The modified engineering model predicts natural periods close to the experimental results in decay tests (within 5%), and the underprediction of the damping is reduced compared to the original engineering model. The motions, mooring line tensions and tower-base loads in the low-frequency response to an irregular wave are underestimated using the original engineering model. The additional linear damping increases this underestimation, while the modified QTFs based on CFD simulations of a fixed floater in bichromatic waves result in larger difference-frequency wave loads. The combined modifications give improved agreement with experimental data in terms of damage equivalent loads for the mooring lines and tower base.     

Experimental study on seismic vibration control of an offshore wind turbine with TMD considering soil liquefaction effect

Wind energy is clean and sustainable. Taiwan is establishing offshore wind farms using wind turbines in the Taiwan Strait. However, these are located in an earthquake-prone area with sandy seabed conditions. To ensure their safety and reliability, the turbines’ support structure must be protected against wind, waves, and seismic loads. Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are commonly employed to reduce structural vibrations. A TMD is more simply incorporated into turbine structures than are other energy dissipation devices. In this study, a 1:25-scale test model with a TMD was constructed and subjected to shaking table tests to experimentally simulate the dynamic behavior of a typical 5-MW wind turbine with a jacket-type support structure and pile foundation. The scaled-down wind turbine model has a nacelle without rotating blades; therefore, the aerodynamic and rotational effects due to the rotating blades were ignored in this study. A large laminar shear box filled with saturated sandy ground was used to simulate the typical seabed conditions of Taiwanese offshore wind farms. The TMD system was designed to be tuned the first-mode frequency of the test model. Two ground accelerations, selected by considering wind farm site condition and near-fault characteristics, were used for excitation in the test. The responses of the test model with and without the TMD system were compared, and the influence of soil liquefaction on the effectiveness of TMD vibration control was addressed.     

MTMD to increase fatigue life for OWT jacket structures using Powell's method

The Powell's method was developed to determine the optimal stiffness and damping of multi-tuned mass dampers (MTMD) in offshore wind turbine (OWT) support structures under fatigue loads. Numerical examples indicated that the Powell's method results are always better than those using MTMD formulations. With the exception of the blade passing (3P) frequency, it was found in this work that a positive integer (n) multiple of the 3P frequency will also result in a large wind-induced vibration, which can be excited by the frequency of the first structural vertical rotation mode and will cause significant fatigue damage. The first translation mode TMD installed at the tower top is efficient to increase fatigue life at the tower and brace connections, but it cannot reduce fatigue damage at the column and brace connections below the platform. The second translation mode TMD can reduce fatigue damage resulting from large wave loads and thus increase the fatigue life of the braces and columns. The mode-3 TMD with a reduction in the 3(3P) vertical rotation can effectively increase the fatigue life of the braces and columns. Thus, the appropriate use of these TMDs can be effective for the fatigue problem of OWT support structures.     

徐盐铁路引入徐州东枢纽牵引供电方案研究

徐盐铁路位于苏北地区,连接京沪、陇海、连镇、沿海四大铁路通道,是长三角城际网重要组成部分,也是京沪通道徐州-上海段的辅助通道,其引入徐州东枢纽以实现京沪高铁、郑徐高铁以及连徐高铁等4条线路的换乘,而枢纽地区牵引供电方案的合理性至关重要。因此,本文对徐盐铁路引入徐州东枢纽供电方案进行论证比较,并根据电分相检算分析提出推荐方案,以保证京沪高铁运行可靠性及工程实施的便捷性。     

汉巴南铁路兰渝联络线电分相设置方案研究

联络线电分相设置方案影响因素众多,且其设置与否对工程和运营的影响也较大。本文对汉巴南铁路兰渝联络线电分相设置方案进行研究,提出高速铁路设置关节式电分相联络线最短长度;对联络线电分相不同设置方案进行比选研究,并结合各方案的土建工程、信号系统、供电系统及限制因素提出布局优化措施,以期为联络线电分相合理设置与优化布局提供新思路。     

复掺钢渣与矿渣的水泥-水玻璃双液注浆材料研究

为解决传统注浆材料耗费水泥量极大的问题,需研制出工作性能好和经济环保的注浆材料。通过对比不同体系双液注浆材料的性能,优选出复掺钢渣与矿渣的水泥-水玻璃双液注浆材料,并研究钢渣与矿渣的掺量、水玻璃的体积掺量及水灰质量比等对双液注浆材料工作性能、胶凝性能和抗压强度等的影响规律。研究结果表明： 当钢渣与矿渣的掺量为60%,水玻璃的体积掺量为 20%~30%、水灰质量比为0.7~1.0时,所制备的浆液凝胶时间可控,流动度在300 mm以上,3 d的抗压强度在13 MPa以上。     

Impact of transition between signal timing plans in social cost based in delay,fuel consumption and air emissions

Significant effects of traffic congestion include the cost associated with extra travel time, fuel consumption, and gas emissions. This paper develops a mathematical function to quantify the monetary impact of transition designs between signal timing plans on users and the environment. This function offers an approach to reduce problems such as excessive travel time, pollution emissions and fuel consumption. The proposed social cost function is evaluated for various transition plans to assess the impact of the number of steps required to adjust signal timing. The relationships between delay, fuel consumption and gas emissions and the number of steps needed to achieve the transition are also analysed.